Glycolic Acid
The smallest AHA molecule with the deepest penetration — delivers dramatic exfoliation, brightening, and anti-aging benefits.
What Is Glycolic Acid?
Glycolic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from sugar cane. It has the smallest molecular size of all AHAs, which allows it to penetrate the skin more deeply and effectively than lactic, mandelic, or citric acid. Glycolic acid works by breaking the bonds between dead skin cells (desmosomes) in the stratum corneum, causing them to shed more rapidly and revealing the fresher, brighter skin underneath. This accelerated exfoliation also triggers a wound-healing response in the deeper skin layers, stimulating collagen and glycosaminoglycan production. The result is a multi-layer improvement: smoother texture, refined pores, faded pigmentation, and increased firmness. Glycolic acid remains the most studied and widely used AHA in dermatology.
Key Benefits
- Provides deep exfoliation for smoother, brighter skin
- Fades hyperpigmentation, sun spots, and acne marks
- Stimulates collagen production for anti-aging benefits
- Refines skin texture and reduces the appearance of pores
- Improves the penetration and efficacy of other skincare products
- Reduces fine lines with consistent long-term use
How to Use Glycolic Acid
Start with a 5–7% glycolic acid toner or serum 1–2 times per week, gradually increasing to every other night as tolerance builds. Higher concentrations (10–20%) are for experienced users only. Always apply to clean, dry skin in the evening — never in the morning, as AHAs increase photosensitivity. Follow with a hydrating serum and moisturizer. The 'chemical peel' feeling (mild tingling) is normal but should not persist beyond a few minutes. SPF 30+ is non-negotiable the next day.
Pairs Well With
Pairs well with hyaluronic acid (hydration after exfoliation), ceramides (barrier repair), and vitamin C on alternate days. Follow with snail mucin for soothing hydration.
Avoid Combining With
Do NOT mix with retinol, other AHAs, BHAs, or benzoyl peroxide in the same routine. Avoid with vitamin C in the same application. These combinations cause over-exfoliation, irritation, and barrier compromise.